Israeli occupation forces killed 98 Palestinians since the beginning of 2023. Seventeen Israelis have also been killed in separate attacks during the same period. Israeli forces on Tuesday 11th of April have shot and killed two Palestinians, and injured another, near the village of Deir al-Hatab, east of the occupied West Bank city of Nablus.
It is not easy to build a bridge between two populations like Israelis and Palestinians, which for many years dealt an endless war. Israelian and Palestinian are the product of complex processes. One key event happened on May 14th in 1948, following the Israeli Declaration of Independence, the first Arab Israeli war broke out, ended in victory with the establishment of the State of Israel. Since then, several consequent wars have plagued the area worsening the unsolved problems and, after 73 years, yet another rekindling of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Israel is a product of decolonisation process that legitimate the building of State and collective identity.
It is clear how they hate each other, despite all the attempted resolutions and deals. The resolution of the conflicts is far away, taking one of the battles longer in modern history: the origin of clusters in the Middle East. It has passed 54 years of occupation of Palestinian territory with more than seven hundred resolutions approved by Onu’s General Assembly and twenty peace plans examined by the international community since 1946.
It is dangerous to deal with a society that keeps having nothing to lose. It is said to look at the history to avoid making the same mistakes of the past: it always had been the conflict between Jewish and Arabic Palestinians. The conflict led to the hate between the two populations: they continue to refuse each other history. Some years ago, to go over, the government managed to publish historical textbook for school in which on one page dedicated to Israel, another one for Palestine and one white for students’ ideas. Now, these book no longer exist and, in the country, it dominated the sionism, the right-wing narrative.
On the 10th of May of 2021, Israel and Palestine reopened their ten-year-conflict: Hamas, political and para-militar Palestinian group attacked Israel. The reason behind this move is the increasing Israel expansionistic politic in the previous months occupying Sheikh Jarrah, East part of Jerusalem, destroying a lot of buildings and houses forcing many families to abandon their places.
Recently, Israel approved reprisals from police versus Palestinian on the Spianata of the Mosques at Jerusalem outside and inside the historical temple named Al-Aqsa Mosque and the launch of nine rockets from Gaza strip toward Israel. Israelis police irrupted in the mosque attacked Muslim believers. It had been arisen battle between military and religious people, some of these injured. More than 350 Palestinians had been arrested. High resistance mood was present, considering that more than 100'000 Palestinian met at Al-Aqsa despite restrictions imposed by occupation.
At the end of the last year, in Israel it dominated the rightist govern of the history country with at the head Benjamin Netanyahu as Prime minister. He is the prominent figure of political, he worked in the government for fifteen years. This time his coalition is different from the earlier ones. He allowed to enter, at the condition of keep his position of power, ultra-nationalist and right-extremis parties, fundamentalist religious Jewish who has clear ideas of what to do at Israel society and they are supporters of colonies. The backdrop is the growing power of far-right groups and religious hardliners in Israel. Moreover, the Temple Mount movement has been around for decades it gathers a range of groups who want to overturn the status quo.
With Netanyahu, the crisis had to be dealt and the Palestinian issue became a security problem, so it must be resolved with police and army, keep the status quo unbearable for the most of Palestinian people. It led to a crystallisation of the conflict. The United Nation security council called a special session about it. There is always the fear of how quickly things can escalate when it is about Al-Aqsa.
Member of regime made a sort of island that it has not any strings with the rest of society. Israel does not have a constitution and the power of Constitutional court is high. The Parliament votes some laws and in presence of petition the court expressed in the clause of good sense in which they can impose a modification of laws and get back to vote. Netanyahu government want the introduction of a clause that allows the Parliament to vote for the second time with a simple majority: sixty-one out of 120. He wants a reduction of continuous intervention of Constitutional court, leading the juridic control on political. There could be no balance between powers legislative, executive, and judicial. Netanyahu is under process for corruption. Colonies movement considered Constitutional court an obstacle to annexation projects of West Bank. Israelian democracy – is the only liberal in the Middle East – might be in danger mostly if this planned reform is going to be approved.
West Bank is a large territory at the West of Israel where the Palestinian are the most of inhabitants. According to International community, it is owned by Palestine but, it is partially occupied by the Israelian army. In this area, there are Israelian colonies considered illegal at the eyes of international community. Gaza Strip is part of land on Mediterranean inhabited by Palestinian and ruled by Hamas which is an Islamist radical group enemy of Palestine authority. Between Gaza and Israel there were a lot of wars. Israel still has power over the West Bank, despite the fact it pulled out of Gaza the UN still regards that piece of land as occupied territory.
Israeli occupation forces have killed 98 Palestinians since the beginning of 2023. Seventeen Israelis have also been killed in separate attacks during the same period. On Tuesday, April 11th, Israeli troops shot and killed two Palestinians and injured another near the village of Deir al-Habab, east of the occupied West Bank city of Nablus.
It is not easy to build a bridge between two populations like Israelis and Palestinians, which for many years dealt with an endless war. Israelian and Palestinian are the product of complex processes. One key event happened on May 14th, 1948, following the Israeli Declaration of Independence. The first Arab Israeli war broke out and ended in victory by establishing the State of Israel. Since then, several consequent wars have plagued the area worsening the unsolved problems and, after 73 years, yet another rekindling of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Israel is a product of the decolonisation process that legitimate the building of State and collective identity.
It is clear how they hate each other, despite all the attempted resolutions and deals. The resolution of the conflicts is far away, taking one of the battles longer in modern history: the origin of clusters in the Middle East. It has passed 54 years of occupation of Palestinian territory with more than seven hundred resolutions approved by Onu’s General Assembly and twenty peace plans examined by the international community since 1946.
It is dangerous to deal with a society with nothing to lose. It is said to look at history to avoid making the same mistakes of the past: always had been conflicted between Jewish and Arabic Palestinians. The competition led to hate between the two populations: they continued to refuse each other history. Some years ago, to go over, the government published a history textbook for schools in which one page was dedicated to Israel, another to Palestine and one to students’ ideas. Now, this book no longer exists, and, in the country, it dominated Zionism, the right-wing narrative.
On May 10th of, 2021, Israel and Palestine reopened their ten-year-conflict: Hamas, a political and para-military Palestinian group, attacked Israel. The reason behind this move is the increasing Israel expansionistic politic in the previous months occupying Sheikh Jarrah, East part of Jerusalem, destroying many buildings and houses and forcing many families to abandon their places. Recently, Israel approved reprisals from police against Palestinians on the Spianata of the Mosques at Jerusalem outside and inside the historical temple named Al-Aqsa Mosque and the launch of nine rockets from the Gaza Strip toward Israel. Israeli police irrupted the mosque and attacked Muslim believers. Had been arisen battle between military and religious people, some of these injured. More than 350 Palestinians had been arrested. A high resistance mood was present, considering that more than 100'000 Palestinian met at Al-Aqsa despite restrictions imposed by the occupation.
At the end of the last year, Israel dominated the history country's rightist govern with at the head Benjamin Netanyahu as Prime minister. He is a prominent figure in politics, he worked in the government for fifteen years. This time his coalition is different from the earlier ones. He was allowed to enter, at the condition of keeping his position of power, ultra-nationalist and right-extremes parties, fundamentalist religious Jewish who had clear ideas of what to do in Israel society and supporters of colonies. The backdrop is the growing power of far-right groups and religious hardliners in Israel. Moreover, the Temple Mount movement has been around for decades. It gathers a range of groups wanting to overturn the status quo.
With Netanyahu, the crisis had to be dealt with, and the Palestinian issue became a security problem, so it must be resolved with the police and army to keep the status quo unbearable for most Palestinian people. It led to a crystallisation of the conflict. The United Nation security Council called a special session about it. There is always the fear of how quickly things can escalate when it is about Al-Aqsa.
Members of the regime made an island that has no strings with the rest of society. Israel does not have a constitution, and the power of the Constitutional court is high. The Parliament votes some laws and in presence of petition the court expressed in the clause of good sense in which they can impose a modification of laws and get back to vote. Netanyahu government want to introduce a clause allowing the Parliament to vote for the second time with a simple majority: sixty-one out of 120. He wants a reduction of continuous intervention of Constitutional court, leading the juridic control on political. There could be no balance between powers legislative, executive, and judicial. Netanyahu is under process for corruption. Colonies movement considered Constitutional court an obstacle to annexation projects of West Bank. Israelian democracy – is the only liberal in the Middle East – might be in danger mostly if this planned reform is going to be approved.
West Bank is a large territory in the West of Israel where the Palestinians are the most inhabitants. According to International community, it is owned by Palestine, but in reality, it is partially occupied by the Israelian army. In this area, there are Israelian colonies considered illegal by the international community. Gaza Strip is part of land on the Mediterranean inhabited by Palestinians and ruled by Hamas, an Islamist radical group enemy of Palestine authority. Between Gaza and Israel, there were a lot of wars. Israel still has power over the West Bank, despite the fact it pulled out of Gaza the UN still regards that piece of land as occupied territory.
2022 has been the year for Palestinian in West Bank most lethal in fifteen years. This is not a new situation generated with the Netanyahu government, but earlier government of Bennet and Lapid had dealt with that. Abu Mazen is a smoker and heart disease, 87-year-old. He managed Palestinian authority in an autocratic way, never allowing the election. He has not yet showed the candidate for his succession. This situation generated tensions in the waiting of that crucial passage. In some cities and refugee camps in West Bank at Genin, Nablus has created a militant armed group which had started a series of attack within the West Bank. This led to a response from Israelian. The army intensified the intervention of raid in the West Bank area. This is not yet considered a third intifada because the intifada was a population riot implying a more massive participation.
Al-Aqsa Mosque is a sensitive religious site and a powerful symbol. For Palestinians, it has become emblematic of their wider struggle, the constant chipping away of their rights, land, and identity. In occupied East Jerusalem, the place where Islam, Judaism and Christianity all intersected. There are sites, holy all three of them – including the big compound which rise above everything else. Muslims call it al-Haram al-Sharif meaning the Noble Sanctuary (Al-Aqsa). Right in the middle of everything, it rises above, the Dome of the Rock. It is an Islamic shrine where Muslims believe the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven. The Al-Aqsa Mosque got a huge prayer hall: it can host until five thousand worshippers. The sacred place got its name from the Quran referencing a mystical night journey that the Prophet Muhammad made from Mecca to al-masjid al-Aqsa: the furthest mosque. Jerusalem was the location of the first direction of prayer for Muslims and it was changed to Mecca. The Al-Aqsa Mosque compound is the third holiest site in Islam after Mecca and Medina.
For most of the last eight hundred years, the compound was controlled by Muslim rulers, and it wasn’t accessible to non-Muslims. Jewish law forbids Jews from entering or praying inside the Temple Mount. It is considered holy, a place of divine presence. So, Jews pray outside the compound at the Western Wall. In 1967, in another war, Israel seized control of the Gaza strip and the West Bank including East Jerusalem in the six-day between the Arabs and Israelis. Regarding Al-Aqsa, the Israelis stuck with an arrangement that kept the Waqf in charge – an Islamic territory that Jordan runs. Jordan would keep control over the actual compound, its custodianship, administration, and upkeep, who could access the site and who could not. That whole arrangement is wrapped up in this idea known as status quo in this context it is meant how things are done at Al-Aqsa. Muslims pray instead non-Muslims only visit.
Israel occupies East Jerusalem with a heavy security presence in the Old City including the gates of Al-Aqsa compound. Effectively, it is the Israeli police who control who go in and out. In the early 2000s, a visit by the opposition leader Ariel Sharon, former Israelian Prime Ministry, triggered the second Intifada. There was a shift, after the Palestinian uprising against the Israeli occupation. Israel increasingly exercised control and increased accusations that they are breaking the agreed conventions of the status quo. There are many ways the status quo has been violated: the restrictions on Muslim worship, something that Israeli occupation imposes quite often, sometimes age restrictions, usually limiting men of a certain age from entering the site if they feel they might be protest or something happening.
The police officers intervened to stop manifestants with fireworks, canes, and stones. The Muslims were gathered in prayers during Ramadan, lighting up the fire in the entire region. The control of Spianata is one of the many reasons of Israelian-Palestinian battle, formally administered by Jordan but goals of Israelis occupation. There have been violent incursions by Israeli forces into the Haram Al-Sharif compound and the attacks on Palestinian worshippers at Al-Aqsa Mosque on Wednesday 5th of April.
“As Palestinian Muslims gathered for Ramadan prayers exercising their right to worship in Al-Aqsa Mosque, Israeli authorities used blatantly excessive and unjustified force against them,” said Francesca Albanese, the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. Israeli forces violently entered Al-Aqsa Mosque, used stun grenades and tear gas, fired sponge-tipped bullets, and indiscriminately beat Muslim worshippers – including elderly people and women – with batons and rifle butts. At least 450 Palestinian men were arrested.
It all spiralled and led to an 11-day of Israeli war on Gaza. The status quo is being eroded bit by bit within a slow piecemeal process tolerated by the international community. Israeli government has not faced any actual costs or repercussions for those actions. That impunity allows them to keep pushing the envelope further each time.
“This is how Palestinian leaders’ rules down here. They have in mind only money. They behave at the same way of mercenary. They fight for money.” This is the testimony of Nizar Banat in a reportage published. Nizar Banar was a courageous person which he preferred freely as much as he managed to do it through social networks in particular Facebook, the cost is his life taken from who did not agree with him. Three days after posting the provocative video for his followers Security Palestinian Services killed the activist. On the social networks, he had more than 100’000 followers. He was extremely critical about the corruption situation.
In Ramallah, the 14 Palestinian officials suspected of killing Nizar Banat declared themselves not guilted. The process was open to the public, but it had been interrupted. The testimony had been taken from Security agents the night before the process. Security Palestinian forces had arrested Hussein, cousin, and main testimony in the process during the night. Nizar family boycotted the process protesting at the entrance of the court. They are outraged and Justice must be made. After nine days of jail, Hussein Banat had been released. He was interrogated and tortured, all they want from him was he withdrew my deposition. The forces tried to buy him and his words. They offered him the permission to go in a choice country promising him money and a cheerful life elsewhere. He did not accept it.
In the heart of night, his killing happened over Nizar’s cousin sight. They started to hit him with a baton. Ten police officers go on him and they started to strike without any pity, despite he showed bad sign on breathing they continued, they banged on the wall six times. He barely himself stand up. Initially, the Palestinian authorities declared he died for natural causes. His family needed autopsic exam shows clearly, he died after the forty-two blows. Nizar was not at all violent guys. He fought against the regime with words. He wanted to change things. “Down the regime” this slogan was raised in the streets after his killing spreading news. For the first time, Palestinians opposed to their leaders.
For the family of Nizar, Defence strategy of ANP is unfounded, the Palestinian functionaries executed orders from above. During Ramadan, Nizar’s house it has been attacked by shots gunfire. Nizar escaped from his uncle house. Before the start of the process, ANP offered the family through third parties a friendly deal – the further humiliation for Banat family. They want only justice, anything else from them. They killed him and are trying to buy their madness, suffering with the offering of money. The regime is closed authoritarian and violence. Palestinian authority has been discussed due to repression, but people feel themselves abandoned to the violence of Israelian colonies. In 2005, there was the last Intifada.
This is riot without head, from below as first and second intifada. The terror it might be capitalised from ISIS, the fear comes from Palestinian itself. Israelian take over Palestinian inhabitants who had to leave their country with military instruments or with legal ones. They never have accepted that. Resolution number 194 by Onu set up once about political refugees the right to come back of the Palestine refugees. The Palestinian PIL is for 80% related to agriculture. In the territories since the Oslo deal, there was the intention to give back to Palestinian the control of water resources keep to Israelian. We make a few steps back because the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has remote origins, dating back to the period between the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The arrival of Nazism and consequent anti-Jewish laws signed a turn in the Israel history. Jewish abandoned German to reach Palestine in the hope of rescue themselves from extermination. According to Nazist law, the expulsion was allowed at the condition of waiver properties with only five suitcases allowed. They crossed borders illegally trying to reach Palestine, but some soldiers returned them to Germany. They applied restrictions on arrival in Palestine also after the Second World War. In response to growing anti-Semitism against Jews in Europe, a "Sionist movement" appeared which, advocating the need to create a Jewish state, encouraged the immigration of European Jews to Palestine to this end. United Nations decided to deal with the Palestine issue with a resolution that set up that both Arabic and Jewish make an Independent State in the part of the Palestine in which they are the majority. On November 29th of 1947 this resolution had been approved. On May 14th, 1948, Ben Gurion declared Independence from Jewish State it will be called Israel.
Arabs do not want to accept the introduction of a Jewish State in a land they consider as own property for 1400 years of possession. The armies of five Arabs countries come passing borders from North, South, West and East. At the Holy War, they participate in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Egypt. At the end of the War, there were armistices, not deal of peace called for internationally between Israel and the single countries.
A significant part of the public opinion both Palestinians and Israelian context see the only choice possible: a non-democratic solution. The presence should be of only one State controlled either one or the other population. Now we have two different States, fighting. Co-exist without dominating, it seems at present times impossible as far as they are perspectives of peace. The only one is the language of violence. The International community is not playing an active role in this particular conflict situation.
In Israel and the Palestinian territories no longer exist a heard and well considered force who managed to invert the events flow. Itamar Ben Gvir, the Security Ministry, lives in Jewish colony Kyriat Arba at the doors of Hebron, a Palestinian city, in the South of Jerusalem. From this exact position Baruch Goldstein, an Israeli American mass-murderer, religious extremist, and physician, started for the killing the Muslim believers gathered in prayer on the February 1994. Goldstein's tomb, found in the colony, today is a place of worship.
Abu Mazen, the head of Palestinian National Authority is defenceless and without legitimacy. Civil society groups who privileged armed fight overruled him. In 2005, Abu Mazen, also known as Mahmud Abbas, occurred after Yasser Arafat at the head of the Organisation for the liberation of Palestine.
Back to modernity: “the situation in unbearable, the govern asks us increased taxes but we do not know where go really our money. The corruption there is huge, we are the ones who loses out here. Look in which kind of State we live. Look at the streets, at the houses. The big shots exchange contractors, projects, and tasks. They own restaurants and shops; it is all in their hands. The money that they come from abroad it stops, and it goes in their restaurants. I am sick and now they allow to kill people.” These are the words came from a manifestant. The people protested can be divided among those who fight against corruption and, on the other hand, authoritarian abuse of the leader. Among all the people, there are infact those who insult Mahmoud Abbas calling him traitor. The regime had been given order to arrest sixty manifestants: academics, poets, activist, students.
If they feel threatened, they act against the danger in many ways to buy and lead to silence. The life of the journalist Najla Zeitoun has never been the same. She was physically beaten; her phone was forcibly taken away. Palestinian authority security forces attacked protesters and journalists in the West Bank cities of Ramallah, Hebron, Bethlehem and Dheisheh camp at the South of Bethlehem after five days of demonstrations. She was wearing a vest emblazoned with the word “press.” They threaten her in many ways, also of sexual assault. She is an independent journalist for Freie. They have her phone and do not intend to return it. They continue to provoke her day after day. They publish her photos, they clearly without her permission to publish share chat screenshots which it is found on her mobile phone. They managed to hack her Instagram profile. Zeitoun, a mother of two, says the experience she had that day was unforgettable and difficult to heal from. Justice does not work or it is on the contrary as it should be. Instead of acting against the perpetrators, the court rejected her plea and ordered that the relevant authorities interrogate her.
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