The photo of a happy journalist in the middle of a newspaper news room is striking as odd considering the title of the article above: “The fabulist who changed journalism” written by Mike Sager.
People need to believe that journalists articles they prefer to read in newspapers or of those voices that come from a TV set or radio and fill up the silence in their homes are decent professionals that have high ethical standards, reveal hidden truths and put the greater good above all.
When the situation differs and a journalist is going rogue, not just the credibility of the entire community of journalists is damaged but the invisible binding infrastructure of a society is twisted as well. The more notoriety received by a journalist before it is outed, the bigger the disappointment and consequences.
Hard, consistent and unbiased work establishes a trustful relationship between journalists and public but the link is very sensitive and it could break just at one trip of a journalist. In order to maintain public trust, journalists must denounce transgressions and take attitude against. Pursuit of going viral and for recognition can come at a high price if basic rules of journalism are ignored. Sensationalism is a temptation lurching in the shadows.
In one such case, the name of a rising star in journalism became a flat definition for fraud. From the university where the journalist studied to the home town newspaper where she was hired and all the way to the gigantic The Washington Post and Pulitzer Prize board, all of them had to face consequences of a totally fabricated article ”Jimmi’s World” written by Janet Cooke.
Janet Cooke was a journalist with already solid credentials as a professional that have been hired by Toledo Blade newspaper in Ohio and the Wall Street Journal before she was quickly scooped by The Washington Post in fear of losing her for New York Times. She was a young, highly educated and talented African-American woman ready to write captivating stories. One could have thought that a shooting star of journalism was born when looking at the victorious picture of her in the newsroom of the Post but, as we found out from the article published in Columbia Journalism Review, Janet Cooke shook the public and the professional community alike with an article that was a complete lie.
Janet Cooke won a Pulitzer Prize for her article about an 8 years old boy addicted to heroin but the notoriety she reached meant, at the same moment, the end of her career and the beginning of nightmares for The Washington Post managers as well as for the Pulitzer Prize board members.
First cracks in Cooke’s story appeared when her hometown newspaper, Toledo Blade wrote a laudative article about her winning the Pulitzer Prize. Details of the biography used from their archive did not match those received by the Post upon hiring Cooke. After first eyebrows rose, a series of phone calls were made to check correctness of information at the university and at the local paper. Several hours of interviewing Cooke were followed by an admission of guilt very late in the night of April 15, 1981. Janet Cooke recognized that her entire story published on September 28th, 1980, that won the Pulitzer Prize, was a “serious misrepresentation” and “Jimmy’s World was in essence a fabrication”.
Justly, her resignation was immediately accepted and her Pulitzer was revoked. Her name became to define fraud in journalism.
Consequences of her act were multiple.
Issues of gender equality and race were raised. She was a young African-American journalist that at the beginning of the 80’s was seeked to be hired so media outlets may benefit from the diversity of cultural background. Non-governmental organizations (NGO) supporting African – Americans had difficulties for a while to campaign in favor of hiring young African – Americans whenever the proper situation was created.
Truth, accountability and, practically, all the ethical principles in journalism were broken. Cooke’s article raised the question of the right to protect sources and the responsibility of editors.
Cooke's story reveals to us the many facets of the pressures journalists work under, but also the consequences of unethical choices.
In an era where going viral is a must, journalists face intense pressure to produce sensational stories that will attract attention. Cooke's story is a reminder that the pursuit of fame and recognition can come at a steep cost.
Cooke's downfall was swift and dramatic. She had largely faded from public view. She went into hiding. She married a lawyer who became a diplomat and lived in France for a decade. For years, little was heard from her. According to The Washington Post, two years ago, Cooke was living in Kalamazoo, Michigan, while working as a sales clerk in a clothing store.
Impoverished, she gave an interview about the "Jimmy's World" episode to Mike Sager, a former Washington Post colleague, she used to date during her time at the Post. Film rights were bought for 1.6 million dollars but the movie was never made. Gabriel García Márquez said about Cooke, "It was unfair that she won the Pulitzer prize, but also unfair that she didn't win the Nobel Prize in Literature."
Today, Cooke's story remains a cautionary tale for young journalists. Her fall from grace serves as a reminder of the importance of honesty and integrity in journalism, and the dangers of chasing sensational stories at any cost. Aspiring journalists would do well to remember the lessons of Cooke's career, and to strive for the highest standards of ethical journalism in their own work.
Edited By: Kyenila Taylor
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