When and How Should The International Community Intervene In Internal Conflict In Developing Countries?

To understand the nature of the international community’s intervention in the developing world and how it interferes, we must first realize that developing countries suffer from significant problems and gaps since they exist today.

Whether due to the ancient colonization of their land or the ideological and cultural diversity within each country.

We proceed to navigate in depth the problems that the developing countries suffer from and which make these countries vulnerable to external interference to settle the conflict, support a regime, or overthrow the other.

And this intervention often lies in the interest of the major countries (international community) because they have their interests in these countries.

The international community often intervenes on the pretext of preserving security or getting rid of a conflict, but in reality, these countries intervene in pursuit of gains and interest.

So as mentioned earlier, the developing world suffered many troubles, pushing the international community to intervene in these countries.

One of the significant problems that the developing world suffers from is the repeated war that is always happened on their land; the type of these wars differs between internal civil wars and wars with other countries; here we can provide the Second Gulf War, 1991, or what was named “The Desert Storm” as an example.

So the beginning of the war was in the economic suffering of Iraq, which refused to commit to paying the debts owed by it to Kuwait.

Kuwait supported Iraq economically in the Iraq-Iran war since its beginnings, and the volume of Kuwaiti aid to Iraq during the war reached approximately $ 14 billion. Iraq hoped to pay these debts by raising oil prices by reducing the proportion of OPEC oil production.

But the statistics of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries “OPEC” indicate that ten countries, including Iraq, were not committed to production quotas. Despite that, Kuwait and the UAE pledged to abide by production quotas Estimated at One and a half million barrels on July 10, 1990. Kuwait announced on July 26, 1990, that it had reduced its oil production to the level of OPEC quotas, and events began to take a progressive curve by the Iraqi regime.

As Iraq began to accuse Kuwait of stating that Kuwait had conducted unlicensed exploration of oil On the Iraqi side of the Rumaila oil field, which is called the Ratqa field in Kuwait, a common field between Kuwait and Iraq.

On August 2, 1990, the Republican Guard teams penetrated the international borders towards Kuwait City, penetrated Iraqi armor and tanks in the Kuwaiti depth, and took control of the leading centers across the country, including the capital.

This bloody war that Iraq waged against Kuwait was a spark for the intervention of the international community led by America in Iraq. What made matters worse was that America said that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction.

So the Americans must intervene to maintain the security and stability in Iraq and to topple the Saddam regime that they accused of communicating with Osama Bin Laden a few days before the events of September 11.

Also, another reason that pushes the international community to intervene in the developing world is the civil war that may happen within one country and between its citizens, and Lebanon's civil war was the best example.

So the Lebanese civil war, which lasted 15 years and was called the War of Others on the land of Lebanon, which left hundreds of killers and wounded and increased the number of immigrants, only ended after the international community’s diplomatic intervention (diplomatic talks and interventions between many countries, including USA, Saudi Arabia, France...etc.), which eventually led to the conclusion of the Taef agreement and ended the war with other countries.

In addition, sometimes the international community intervenes in developing countries when these countries suffer from a humanitarian issue… etc.

As for how the international community intervenes, this intervention takes various forms, including Humanitarian intervention; the international community then intervenes to provide aid for people experiencing poverty, funds the educational system, assists in the war, and so on.

Diplomatic intervention, which mainly used to settle conflicts through negotiation between warring countries.

Economic intervention, through providing financial help to the developing states during peacetime and making economic sanctions during wartime, mainly when the developing countries cause threats to the international community.

Military intervention is also related to peace and wartime, so this intervention could be either to stand on the borders between two countries, for instance: UNIFIL forces that separate the Lebanese and Israeli sides to reduce tension and prevent fighting, or, to topple a regime, as happened in Iraq.

Cultural intervention, which is done through spreading democracy, like when America changed its strategy from isolation toward crusaders after 9/11 to spreading democracy to ensure that no country will attack America in the future.

As a final word, all mentioned before was used to explain when & how the international community should intervene in internal conflict in developing countries.

Edited By Whitney Edna Ibe

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